fix: resolve critical bugs and security issues across the project

Security:
- Disable SSL verification only in development (lib/req.js)
- Wrap all JSON.parse(cookie) calls in try-catch via safeJsonParse utility
- Sanitize dangerouslySetInnerHTML in blog/clinic with sanitizeHtml utility
- Fix open redirect in payment page — validate URL origin before redirect
- Fix cookie cleanup on 401 — use js-cookie with correct domain scope

Performance:
- Wrap ItemDoctor with React.memo to prevent unnecessary re-renders
- Replace <img> with Next.js <Image> in blog Caption component

Functionality:
- Fix memory leak in Recode.js — store intervals in refs, cleanup on unmount
- Add null guard on retryIcon.current before classList manipulation
- Fix getParsedUserInfo in helper to handle malformed cookie gracefully

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

app/payment/[uuid]/page.js

@@ -199,8 +199,13 @@ export default function PaymentDetailsPage() {
                             <>
                                 <button
                                     onClick={() => {
-                                        const paymentUrl = `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL}/payment/${payment.uuid}`;
-                                        window.location.href = paymentUrl;
+                                        try {
+                                          const apiOrigin = new URL(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL).origin;
+                                          const paymentUrl = new URL(`/payment/${payment.uuid}`, apiOrigin);
+                                          if (paymentUrl.origin === apiOrigin) {
+                                            window.location.href = paymentUrl.href;
+                                          }
+                                        } catch {}
                                     }}
                                     className="flex-1 bg-[#5559CE] hover:bg-[#4448b3] text-white font-bold py-3 px-6 rounded-lg transition-colors"
                                 >