feat(patient): complete "اطلاعات پرونده" demographic form

Backend:
- Add profile columns field_of_study, province_id, city_id, postal_code,
  referral_source (UserProfile + migration).
- Extend PATCH /api/v1/patient/{uuid} to persist all demographic fields
  and return them in the patient profile payload.
- Support editable mobile (login identifier): validation, uniqueness,
  User.setMobileNumber, new ERR_PROFILE_002.
- Update docs/api/patient.md.

Frontend:
- New reusable Input, Field, and PatientRecordInfoForm (RHF + Zod).
- usePatient/useUpdatePatient hooks and patientForm mapping helpers.
- Extend the existing "info" tab in MyPatientsPage to the full field set
  via the shared form (province/city/insurance options, Jalali date).

Tests: Patient entity + PATCH integration (PHPUnit); form, hooks, and
mapping helpers (Vitest).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/Auth/Entity/User.php

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ class User implements UserInterface, PasswordAuthenticatedUserInterface
     public function getUserIdentifier(): string { return $this->mobileNumber; }
     public function eraseCredentials(): void {}
 
+    /** موبایل همان شناسه ورود است؛ تغییر آن نام‌کاربری کاربر را نیز تغییر می‌دهد. یکتایی در سطح فراخوان بررسی شود. */
+    public function setMobileNumber(string $mobileNumber): self { $this->mobileNumber = $mobileNumber; $this->updatedAt = time(); return $this; }
     public function setEmail(?string $email): self           { $this->email = $email; return $this; }
     public function setRealName(?string $name): self         { $this->realName = $name; $this->updatedAt = time(); return $this; }
     public function setNationalCode(?string $code): self